Source: Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management (1861)
Split pea soup is built on one principle: the peas disintegrate into a purée whilst the vegetables add sweetness and depth. Start with a large pot of cold water or stock—four quarts—and add your split peas directly. This matters: starting cold allows the peas to absorb water gradually and cook evenly. Bring to a rolling boil uncovered. You'll see foam and scum rise to the surface in the first five minutes; don't skim it obsessively, but let it settle naturally as the heat establishes itself.
Whilst the peas come to temperature, prepare your aromatics. Peel and finely dice the onions, carrots, and celery—aim for roughly 8 mm cubes so they soften at the same rate as the peas. Add them to the pot once the peas have boiled for ten minutes and the initial turbulence settles. The earlier addition prevents the vegetables from competing for cooking time later. Boiling a legume-based soup at a gentle but steady roll is non-negotiable: it keeps the peas suspended and breaking down rather than settling and scorching on the pot floor.
Simmer for sixty to ninety minutes. The soup is ready when the peas have nearly vanished into the liquid and you can crush a sample against the side of the pot with a wooden spoon—no resistance. The colour will deepen from pale green to khaki, and the texture will thicken as the pea solids hydrate and suspend in the water. If you're using meat broth rather than water, the soup will develop a richer, more savoury character; both work, but meat broth requires less final seasoning.
Shred the mint finely—a chiffonade is best—and stir it through the pot along with the brown sugar. The sugar rounds out the slight earthiness of split peas and balances the mint's cooling bite; it's not sweetness you're after here, just harmonic sharpening. Taste, then add salt and pepper judiciously. Split peas already carry a dull saltiness, so you'll need less than you'd expect. Ladle into bowls whilst steaming hot; the soup thickens further as it cools, so don't panic if it seems loose at the stove.
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